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helix/guides/adding_languages.html

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deploy: acced82be66c9a3920b8147bdd8fa6785388e8c8
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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../install.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> Installation</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../usage.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> Usage</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../from-vim.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Migrating from Vim</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../configuration.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.</strong> Configuration</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../themes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.1.</strong> Themes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../keymap.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.2.</strong> Keymap</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../remapping.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.3.</strong> Key Remapping</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../hooks.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.4.</strong> Hooks</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../languages.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.5.</strong> Languages</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../guides/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.</strong> Guides</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../guides/adding_languages.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.1.</strong> Adding Languages</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../guides/textobject.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.2.</strong> Adding Textobject Queries</a></li></ol></li></ol>
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<h1 id="adding-languages"><a class="header" href="#adding-languages">Adding languages</a></h1>
<h2 id="submodules"><a class="header" href="#submodules">Submodules</a></h2>
<p>To add a new langauge, you should first add a tree-sitter submodule. To do this, you can run the command</p>
<pre><code class="language-sh">$ git submodule add -f &lt;repository&gt; helix-syntax/languages/tree-sitter-&lt;name&gt;
</code></pre>
<p>For example, to add tree-sitter-ocaml you would run</p>
<pre><code class="language-sh">$ git submodule add -f https://github.com/tree-sitter/tree-sitter-ocaml helix-syntax/languages/tree-sitter-ocaml
</code></pre>
<p>Make sure the submodule is shallow by doing</p>
<pre><code class="language-sh">git config -f .gitmodules submodule.helix-syntax/languages/tree-sitter-&lt;name&gt;.shallow true
</code></pre>
<p>or you can manually add <code>shallow = true</code> to <code>.gitmodules</code>.</p>
<h2 id="languagestoml"><a class="header" href="#languagestoml">languages.toml</a></h2>
<p>Next, you need to add the language to the <code>languages.toml</code> found in the root of the repository; this <code>languages.toml</code> file is included at compilation time, and is distinct from the <code>language.toml</code> file in the user's <a href="../configuration.html">configuration directory</a>.</p>
<p>These are the available keys and descriptions for the file.</p>
<table><thead><tr><th>Key</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody>
<tr><td>name</td><td>The name of the language</td></tr>
<tr><td>scope</td><td>A string like <code>source.js</code> that identifies the language. Currently, we strive to match the scope names used by popular TextMate grammars and by the Linguist library. Usually <code>source.&lt;name&gt;</code> or <code>text.&lt;name&gt;</code> in case of markup languages</td></tr>
<tr><td>injection-regex</td><td>regex pattern that will be tested against a language name in order to determine whether this language should be used for a potential language injection site. <a href="https://tree-sitter.github.io/tree-sitter/syntax-highlighting#language-injection">link</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>file-types</td><td>The filetypes of the language, for example <code>[&quot;yml&quot;, &quot;yaml&quot;]</code></td></tr>
<tr><td>roots</td><td>A set of marker files to look for when trying to find the workspace root. For example <code>Cargo.lock</code>, <code>yarn.lock</code></td></tr>
<tr><td>auto-format</td><td>Whether to autoformat this language when saving</td></tr>
<tr><td>comment-token</td><td>The token to use as a comment-token</td></tr>
<tr><td>indent</td><td>The indent to use. Has sub keys <code>tab-width</code> and <code>unit</code></td></tr>
<tr><td>config</td><td>Language server configuration</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<h2 id="queries"><a class="header" href="#queries">Queries</a></h2>
<p>For a language to have syntax-highlighting and indentation among other things, you have to add queries. Add a directory for your language with the path <code>runtime/queries/&lt;name&gt;/</code>. The tree-sitter <a href="https://tree-sitter.github.io/tree-sitter/syntax-highlighting#queries">website</a> gives more info on how to write queries.</p>
<h2 id="common-issues"><a class="header" href="#common-issues">Common Issues</a></h2>
<ul>
<li>If you get errors when building after switching branches, you may have to remove or update tree-sitter submodules. You can update submodules by running</li>
</ul>
deploy: 29fe504398e483b8830564727ee8e2f209f06615
3 years ago
<pre><code class="language-sh">$ git submodule sync; git submodule update --init
deploy: acced82be66c9a3920b8147bdd8fa6785388e8c8
3 years ago
</code></pre>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Make sure to not use the <code>--remote</code> flag. To remove submodules look inside the <code>.gitmodules</code> and remove directories that are not present inside of it.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If a parser is segfaulting or you want to remove the parser, make sure to remove the submodule <em>and</em> the compiled parser in <code>runtime/grammar/&lt;name&gt;.so</code></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The indents query is <code>indents.toml</code>, <em>not</em> <code>indents.scm</code>. See <a href="https://github.com/helix-editor/helix/issues/114">this</a> issue for more information.</p>
</li>
</ul>
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