#define _POSIX_C_SOURCE 199309L
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <omp.h>

#include <argp.h>

const char *argp_program_version =
        "benchmark  0.1";
/* Program documentation. */
static char doc[] =
        "Do some benchmark with openMP";

static struct argp_option options[] = {
        {"verbose",  'v', 0,      0,  "Produce verbose output" },
        {"quiet",    'q', 0,      0,  "Don't produce any output" },
        {"iterations",   'i', "NUMBER", 0, "Number of iterations" },
        {"output",   'o', "file", 0, "output to file instead of stdout" },
        {"reps",   'r', "NUMBER", 0, "number of repetions in each iteration" },
        {"data",   'b', "NUMBER", 0, "number of kB to iterate over (if size extends LVL1 cache, speed up can be faster then according to Amdahl's law)" },
        {"operation",   'O', "name", 0, "operation e.g. mul, add. ..." },
        {"numThreads",   'n', "NUMBER", 0, "specifies number of threads to be used. Default is num of logical cpus" },
        { 0 }
};
struct arguments
{
    int silent, verbose, numThreads , buffer_size_kb , use_reps_iteration;
    int use_output_file;
    char *output_file;
    char *operation;
    size_t iterations, reps_per_iteration;
};
/* parse a single option. */
static error_t
parse_opt (int key, char *arg, struct argp_state *state)
{
    /* get the input argument from argp_parse, which we
       know is a pointer to our arguments structure. */
    struct arguments *arguments = state->input;

    switch (key)
    {
        case 'q': case 's':
            arguments->silent = 1;
            break;
        case 'v':
            arguments->verbose = 1;
            break;
        case 'o':
            arguments->output_file = arg;
            arguments->use_output_file = 1;
            break;
        case 'b':
            arguments->buffer_size_kb = strtol(arg,NULL,10);//TODO error handling
            break;
        case 'O':
            arguments->operation = arg;
            break;
        case 'n':
            arguments->numThreads = strtol(arg,NULL,10);//TODO error handling
            break;
	case 'i':
	    arguments->iterations = strtol(arg,NULL,10);//TODO error handling
	    break;
	case 'r':
	    arguments->use_reps_iteration = 1;
	    arguments->reps_per_iteration = strtol(arg,NULL,10);//TODO error handling
	    break;
        case ARGP_KEY_ARG:
            argp_usage (state);
            break;
        default:
            return ARGP_ERR_UNKNOWN;
    }
    return 0;
}

/* our argp parser. */
static struct argp argp = { options, parse_opt, 0 , doc };
//parsing args set up end---------------------------------------------------------------

clock_t ticks, new_ticks;
struct timespec t1, t2;

void timespec_diff(struct timespec *start, struct timespec *stop,
                   struct timespec *result)
{
    if ((stop->tv_nsec - start->tv_nsec) < 0) {
        result->tv_sec = stop->tv_sec - start->tv_sec - 1;
        result->tv_nsec = stop->tv_nsec - start->tv_nsec + 1000000000;
    } else {
        result->tv_sec = stop->tv_sec - start->tv_sec;
        result->tv_nsec = stop->tv_nsec - start->tv_nsec;
    }
    return;
}


int main(int argc, char **argv) {
    //parsing args----------------------------------------------------------------
    struct arguments arguments;

    /* default values. */
    arguments.silent = 0;
    arguments.verbose = 0;
    arguments.reps_per_iteration = 100;
    arguments.iterations = 100;
    arguments.output_file = "-";
    arguments.operation = "mul";
    arguments.numThreads = 0;
    arguments.buffer_size_kb = 0;
    arguments.use_reps_iteration = 0;

    argp_parse (&argp, argc, argv, 0, 0, &arguments);
    //parsing args end---------------------------------------------------------------

    //allocate mem for measured times
    struct timespec * t_times = malloc(arguments.iterations  * sizeof(struct timespec));
    uint64_t * nanos = malloc(arguments.iterations * sizeof(uint64_t));
    double * cpu_clocks = malloc(arguments.iterations * sizeof(double));
    double * float_buffer = NULL;
    //allocate mem for buffer
    if (arguments.buffer_size_kb){
        if (arguments.verbose)
            printf("allcating %li bytes of memory\n", sizeof(double)*128*arguments.buffer_size_kb);
        float_buffer = malloc(sizeof(double) * 128 * arguments.buffer_size_kb) ; //128 * 8byte(sizeof(double)) = 1kbyte
        if (float_buffer == NULL)
            perror("malloc\n");
        memset(float_buffer,0, 128*sizeof(double));
        for (size_t i = 0 ; i < arguments.buffer_size_kb * 128 ; i++){
            float_buffer[i] = 1.1f;
        }
        if (arguments.verbose) {
            if (arguments.use_reps_iteration) {
                printf("warn: ignoring reps per iteration and set it to 128 * buffer_size\n");
            }
            else {
                printf("setting reps per iteration to 128 * buffer_size\n");
            }
        }

        arguments.reps_per_iteration = arguments.buffer_size_kb * 128;
    }
    float f2 = (float) arguments.iterations + 1.1f; //avoid compiler optimization, because iterations is unknown for compiler
    float f1 = 1.1f;

    //manage threads
    if(arguments.numThreads == 0 ){
        //setting thread number automatic
    }
    else{
        omp_set_num_threads(arguments.numThreads);
    }


    if(arguments.verbose && !arguments.silent){
        printf("using threads: %d\n", omp_get_max_threads());
        //printf("using %d threads\n", OMP_NUM_THREADS);
    }
    //iterate
    for (size_t j = 0; j < arguments.iterations ; j++){
        f2 = (float) arguments.iterations + 0.1 + j;
        clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &t1);
        ticks = clock();
        //printf("time: %i\t", t1.tv_nsec);

        if (arguments.buffer_size_kb == 0) {
            #pragma omp parallel for private(f1,f2)
            for (size_t i = 0; i < arguments.reps_per_iteration; i++) {
                f1 = f2 * 1.1f;
                //printf("thread: %i of %i\n", omp_get_thread_num() ,omp_get_num_threads()); for debugging
            }
        }
        else {
            #pragma omp parraled for
            for (size_t i = 0 ; i < arguments.buffer_size_kb * 128 ; i++ ){
                float_buffer[i] = float_buffer[i] * float_buffer[i];
            }
        }
        clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &t2);
        new_ticks = clock();

        struct timespec c;
        timespec_diff(&t1,&t2,&c);
        t_times[j] = c;
        nanos[j] = c.tv_sec * 1000000000 + c.tv_nsec;

        cpu_clocks[j] = (double )(new_ticks - ticks) * 1000000000 / (double) CLOCKS_PER_SEC;
    }

    //calculate mean and variance
    uint64_t mean = 0;
    double cpu_time_mean = 0.0f;
    for ( size_t i = 0 ; i < arguments.iterations; i++){
        mean += nanos[i];
        cpu_time_mean += cpu_clocks[i];
        if (arguments.verbose && !arguments.silent){
            printf("real time per iteration = %ld sec %ld nsec \t cpu_time = %lf\n", t_times[i].tv_sec , t_times[i].tv_nsec, cpu_clocks[i]);
        }
    }
    if (arguments.verbose){
        printf("--------------------------------------------\n");
    }
    mean /= arguments.iterations;
    cpu_time_mean /= arguments.iterations;
    //variance of real time adn cpu time
    uint64_t variance = 0;
    double cpu_time_variance = 0;
    for ( size_t i = 0 ; i < arguments.iterations; i++){
        variance += (mean - nanos[i]) * (mean - nanos[i]);
        cpu_time_variance += (cpu_time_mean - cpu_clocks[i]) * (cpu_time_mean - cpu_clocks[i]);
    }
    variance /= arguments.iterations;
    cpu_time_variance /= arguments.iterations;
    double std_deviation = sqrt(variance);
    double rel_deviation = (double) std_deviation / (double) mean ;

    //gflops
    double gflop =( double ) arguments.reps_per_iteration / (double) mean  ; // flops per nanosecond = Gflops
    double gflop_deviation = rel_deviation * gflop;
    double vgfkop = gflop_deviation * gflop_deviation;

    //time calculated from  cpu ticks
    double cpu_time_deviation = sqrt(cpu_time_variance);
    double cpu_time_rel_deviation = cpu_time_deviation / cpu_time_mean;
    //gflops
    double cpu_ticks_gflop =( double ) arguments.reps_per_iteration / (double) cpu_time_mean  ; // flops per nanosecond = Gflops
    double cpu_ticks_gflop_deviation = cpu_time_rel_deviation * cpu_ticks_gflop;
    double cpu_ticks_vgfkop = cpu_ticks_gflop_deviation * cpu_ticks_gflop_deviation;

    if(arguments.silent){
        return 0;
    }
    if (arguments.verbose) {
        printf("All values displayed in nanosecond and relative deviations in %%\n");
        if(arguments.buffer_size_kb)
            printf("Using buffer with %ikBytes", arguments.buffer_size_kb);
        printf("real time from clock_gettime for one iteration (%ld operations):\n", arguments.reps_per_iteration);
        printf("mean: %ld\tdeviation: %f\tvariance: %ld\trel deviation: %f\n", mean, std_deviation, variance, rel_deviation);
        printf("\ngflops (1000000000 operations per second):\n");
        printf("mean: %f\tdeviation: %f\tvariance: %f\trel deviation: %f\n", gflop, gflop_deviation, vgfkop,
               rel_deviation);
        printf("\ntime calculated from cpu ticks per iteration (%ld operations)(does not make sense for more then 1 thread):\n",
               arguments.reps_per_iteration);
        printf("mean: %f\tdeviation: %f\tvariance: %f\trel deviation: %f\n", cpu_time_mean, cpu_time_deviation,
               cpu_time_variance, cpu_time_rel_deviation);
        printf("\ngflops (1000000000 operations per second):\n");
        printf("mean: %1f\tdeviation: %f\tvariance: %f\trel deviation: %f\n", cpu_ticks_gflop,
               cpu_ticks_gflop_deviation, cpu_ticks_vgfkop, cpu_time_rel_deviation);

    }
    else {
        printf("%f\t%f\t%f\t%f\t%i\n", gflop, gflop_deviation, vgfkop,
               rel_deviation, omp_get_max_threads());
    }
    return 0;
}